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Beyond Static Policies: Dynamic-PRAC for Balanced and Efficient Rowhammer Mitigation
DescriptionRowhammer attacks repeatedly activate DRAM rows and cause bit flips in adjacent rows. DDR5 introduced Per-Row Activation Counting (PRAC) to address this, but static thresholds and unnecessary distant-row refreshes limit its efficiency. This paper proposes Dynamic-PRAC, which adapts mitigation thresholds based on service-queue utilization and refines refresh actions by row distance. Experiments show that Dynamic-PRAC improves performance over PRAC, MOAT, and QPRAC while lowering overhead. Security results further demonstrate the lowest unmitigated activation count and up to 73% reduced energy use, offering an efficient and balanced Rowhammer mitigation mechanism.