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CODA: A Computation-Data Decoupled Dataflow Paradigm for DNN Computing on NPUs
DescriptionDeep neural networks (DNNs) on Neural Processing Units (NPUs) require carefully optimized operator mappings to achieve high performance, yet the mapping space grows rapidly with increasingly complex on-chip memory hierarchies. Existing dataflow models rely on a computation–data coupled paradigm that forces all tensors to share identical storage structures and data transfer paths, severely limiting the expressible mapping space. We present CODA, a computation–data decoupled dataflow paradigm that enables tensor-wise independent modeling of on-chip storage and movement. CODA introduces the non-uniform loop space to jointly represent computation and per-tensor data mappings, together with an analytical performance model and a simulated-annealing–based optimizer. Across single-operator and fused-operator workloads, CODA achieves 1.10x-1.11x and 1.14x–1.85x speedup over state-of-the-art methods.